DIY Car Repairs: Simple Fixes Every Driver Should Know
March 5, 2024
7 min read
Imagine this scenario: you're driving down the road when suddenly, your car starts making strange noises, and the check engine light comes on. Panic sets in as you realize you have no idea what's wrong or how to fix it. This is a situation that many drivers find themselves in, but it doesn't have to be this way. Knowing basic car repairs can not only save you money but also time and stress.
In this article, we will explore some simple DIY fixes that every driver should know. From checking and replacing the battery to changing a flat tire, we will provide step-by-step guides and tips to help you become more confident in handling common car issues.
Changing a Flat Tire
Getting a flat tire when you're out on the road can be a scary and frustrating experience. But changing a flat is one of the easiest DIY jobs there is. Here are the steps:
1. Find a safe spot.
When you realize you have a flat tire, don't panic. Slowly reduce your speed and look for a flat, stable place to stop. Then, turn on your hazard lights to signal other drivers.
2. Loosen the lug nuts.
Before jacking up the car, loosen the lug nuts on the flat tire. However, don't remove them completely yet.
3. Jack up the car.
Place the jack under a sturdy part of your car's frame near the flat tire. Slowly raise the jack until the tire is off the ground.
4. Remove the flat tire.
Now, you can fully remove the lug nuts. Once they're off, gently pull the flat tire off the car and roll it out of the way.
5. Install the spare tire.
Roll your spare tire into place. Line up the holes with the lug bolts and push the tire onto your car. Install the lug nuts by hand until they're snug.
6. Lower the car and tighten the lug nuts.
Lower the car back to the ground, but don't put the full weight on the tire just yet. Tighten the lug nuts as much as you can. Once the car is fully lowered, tighten the lug nuts even more.
7. Store the flat tire.
Put the flat tire and all your tools in your trunk. Don't forget to turn off your hazard lights!
8. Visit a garage.
If your tire is damaged or needs to be replaced, drive to the nearest garage. Remember, the spare tire is not intended for long distances or high speeds.
Changing Windshield Wipers
Windshield wipers are a small but crucial part of your car. Over time, the wiper blades become brittle, cracked, and streaky from exposure to the elements. Replacing them yourself is quick and easy. Here's how:
1. Lift the wiper arm off the glass.
Begin by lifting the wiper arm away from the windshield. Once it's lifted, tilt the blade at a 45-degree angle to make the next steps easier.
2. Release the blade from the arm.
On the underside of the wiper, you should find a small tab. Push this in to release the blade from the arm. Once released, slide the blade out and away from the arm.
3. Insert the new wiper blade.
Take your new wiper blade and insert it into the wiper arm. Ensure that it locks into place. You should hear a distinct click when it's secured.
4. Press the wiper arm back onto the windshield.
With the new blade attached, press the wiper arm back down onto the windshield. Check that the new blade rests flat against the glass and makes full contact.
Replacing Air Filters
Replacing dirty air filters helps keep your engine running smoothly and can boost your gas mileage. With just basic hand tools, you can swap out old air filters in under 15 minutes.
1. Locate the air filter housing.
The first step in replacing your air filters is to locate the housing. This is usually on the side or back of the engine bay. Once you have located it, release the clamps holding the cover in place.
2. Remove the old air filter.
Next, remove the old air filter from the housing. Use a shop vac or similar tool to clean out any debris inside the housing, ensuring a clean environment for the new filter.
3. Inspect and install the new filter.
Before installing the new filter, inspect it to ensure it's the right size and shape for your car. Once confirmed, slide the new filter into the housing. Make sure it's seated securely in place.
4. Replace the cover.
After installing the new filter, replace the cover of the housing. Tighten the clamps back down to secure the cover. It's crucial to make sure the housing is sealed properly so no unfiltered air can get into the engine.
Changing Spark Plugs
Over time, spark plugs become corroded and worn down, leading to misfires that sap engine power. Replacing them is one of the best ways to boost a lagging engine. Here are the steps:
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable.
Before starting the process of changing spark plugs, you need to disconnect the negative battery cable. This is a safety measure to avoid any electric shocks during the procedure. Also, remove any wires or hoses that might block your access to the spark plugs.
2. Remove the old spark plugs.
To reach the spark plugs, you'll need a ratchet wrench with a long extension. They are typically located in deep wells. Turn the ratchet counterclockwise to loosen and remove the old plugs.
3. Install the new spark plugs.
Once the old plugs are removed, it's time to install the new ones. Start by hand-tightening the new plugs until they're seated. Then, use the ratchet to tighten them an additional 1/8 to 1/4 turn. Be careful not to over-tighten, as this can cause damage.
4. Reconnect wires, hoses, and the battery cable.
After all the new spark plugs are installed, reconnect any wires and hoses you previously removed. Finally, reconnect the negative battery cable.
Checking and Adding Fluids
One of the easiest ways to keep your car running well is to regularly check the essential fluids and top them off as needed. Here are some key fluids and how to check them:
1. Engine Oil
Insert the dipstick fully into the tube, then remove it to check the oil level. It should fall between the full and add marks. Top off when it nears the add line.
2. Coolant
Allow the engine to cool fully, then check the reservoir tank. The fluid should fall between the minimum and maximum lines. Top it off with the specified coolant type.
3. Power Steering Fluid
Locate the reservoir and check the fluid level. Add power steering fluid as needed to bring it up to the full line.
4. Brake Fluid
Check the reservoir's max line. If the level is low, top it off with fresh DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid.
5. Windshield Washer Fluid
Check the washer fluid reservoir and fill as needed. Use fluid with antifreeze in winter.
Jump Starting a Dead Battery
Few things are more frustrating than turning the key and hearing only ominous clicks from a dead battery. Avoid waiting for a jump by keeping jumper cables in your car. Here's how to safely jump-start your battery:
1. Position the donor car.
The first step in jump-starting a dead battery is to position a donor car with a good battery next to the car with the dead battery. Ensure both cars are turned off before proceeding.
2. Connect positive terminals.
Next, take one end of your jumper cables and connect one clamp to the positive (red) terminal on the dead battery. Connect the other end of the same cable to the positive terminal on the donor battery.
3. Connect negative terminals.
Repeat the above process with the negative (black) cable. Connect one clamp to the negative terminal on the dead battery and the other end to the negative terminal on the donor battery.
4. Start the donor car.
Once everything is connected, start the donor car and allow it to run for about 2-3 minutes. This charges the dead battery enough to start it.
5. Start the car with the dead battery.
After charging the dead battery, try to start the car with the dead battery. If successful, allow the car to run for approximately 30 minutes to continue charging the battery.
6. Remove the jumper cables.
Finally, remove the jumper cables in reverse order. Start by disconnecting the negative side first to avoid any sparks or potential damage.
Become Your Own Mechanic Today!
DIY car repairs are not only practical but also empowering for every driver. With the knowledge and skills gained from this article, you can tackle common car issues confidently and save money in the process. Remember that safety always comes first, and consult your car's manual for specific instructions. So, roll up your sleeves, grab your tools, and embark on the journey of becoming a more self-reliant and capable driver!
